This Act defined guardianship as the custody and right of control over a child’s upbringing. Its first principle was that natural guardianship required that the mother and father should each be a guardian of the child. However, the mother was the sole guardian if she was not married to the father, either because she had never been married to him, or because the marriage had been dissolved before the child’s birth. The mother was also sole guardian if she and the father were not living together as husband and wife when the child was born.